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perhaps, the idea of their division into Harfoots, Stoors, and Fallohides, which entered from the earliest version of the appendix on languages (p. 10). Some of these new elements were then introduced into the existing narrative, such as smials into the chapter Treebeard (p. 11), or Stoors into the chapter The Shadow of the Past (p. 66, $20).
    Successive stages in the development of the Prologue were accompanied, of course, by development in the Appendices, as is seen from references to the languages and to dates, and from such points as the naming of Argeleb II as the king who granted possession of the Shire to the Hobbits (p. 9, and see p. 209). But the-latest stage of the Prologue discussed here, the manuscript P 6 and its typescript copy P 7, which in all other respects closely approached the final form, still had the old story of the finding of the Ring, and can therefore be dated, at the latest, to before July 1950.
    NOTES.

    1. The Hobbit was now said to have been 'based on [Bilbo's] own much longer memoirs'; 'Earliest Days' was changed to 'Elder Days', and 'Folco Took' (by way of 'Faramond Took' and
    'Peregrin Boffin', see VII.31-2) to 'Peregrin Took'; 'the one really populous town of their Shire, Michel-Delving' became 'the only town of their Shire, the county-town, Michel-Delving'; and the boots of the hobbits of the Marish became 'dwarf-boots'. The Hobbits' antipathy to vessels and water, and to swimming in it, was the only actual addition.
    In a letter to Sir Stanley Unwin of 21 September 1947 (Letters no.111) my father said that he was sending,'the preliminary chapter or Foreword to the whole: "Concerning Hobbits", which acts as a link to the earlier book and at the same time answers questions that have been asked.' From the date, this must have been a copy of the original version, as corrected.
    2. The date April 30th was corrected to April 28th on the text P 3
    (p- 7).
    3. Northworthy: the Old English word, wordig were common elements in place-names, with the same general meaning as tun (-ton), an enclosed dwelling-place.
    4. The fiction of 'translation' from the 'true' Hobbit language (the Common Speech) was inimical to puns in any case, good though this one was..
    5. The extension to P 2 on the ordering of the Shire was a typescript, but that on pipe-weed was a manuscript written on slips. My father inserted them into P 2 as a unit, but they clearly originat-ed separately: see note 6.
    6. In his letter to me of 6 May 1944 (cited in VIII.45, note 36) my father said that 'if [Faramir] goes on much more a lot of him will have to be removed to the appendices - where already some fascinating material on the hobbit Tobacco industry and the Languages of the West have gone.' I remarked (VIII.162) that Faramir's exposition of linguistic history 'survived into subsequent typescripts, and was only removed at a later time; thus the excluded material on "the Languages of the West" was not the account given by Faramir.' It is indeed difficult to say what it was. On the other hand, the 'pipe-weed' passage was removed from the chapter The Road to Isengard before the first completed manuscript was written (VIII.39). It is in fact quite possible that the account of 'pipe-weed' in the long addition to P 2 does go back so early, seeing that it was certainly written quite independently of the first part of the addition, on the ordering of the Shire (see note 5).

    7. Similarly the statement in P 1 (VI.311) that Bandobras Took, the Bullroarer, was the son of Isengrim the First was retained in P 2
    as revised: in the published genealogical tree he became the grandson of Isengrim II. - A curious exception to my statement (p. 4) that P 2 as typed was a precise copy of the original version is found in the name Bandobras, which in P 2 became Barnabas; but this was probably a mere slip. It was corrected back to Bandobras in the revision.
    8. In P 5 the name Lithe entered as my father wrote, changing 'at Midsummer' to 'at the Lithe (that