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Process
(Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2001), 245.
     
    17 . Arthur M. Schlesinger,
Robert Kennedy and His Times
(New York: Mariner Books/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2002), 745.
     
    18 . Robert Peterson,
Only the Ball Was White: A History of Legendary Black Players and All-Black Professional Teams
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), preface, 15, 204.
     
    19 . Buck O’Neil with Steve Wulf and David Conrads,
I Was Right on Time: My Journey from the Negro Leagues to the Majors
(New York: Fireside Books, 1997), 197.
     
    20 . Lawrence D. Hogan,
Shades of Glory: The Negro Leagues and the Story of African-American Baseball
(Washington, DC: National Geographic, 2006), 352.
     
    21 . Toni Stone interview with Jean Hastings Ardell, April 1992. Ardell interview notes shared with author June 22, 2009.
     
    22 . Ernie Banks oral history. Visionaryproject.org/banksernie ; Willie Mays and Lou Sahadi,
Say Hey: The Autobiography of Willie Mays
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988), 14.
     
    23 . Baltimore
Afro-American
, July 17, 1954.
     
    24 . Jay Jennings, “A League of His Own,”
New York Times
, June 3, 2007; Michael Schwarz, “Honoring the Pioneers of the Negro Leagues,”
Atlanta Journal-Constitution
, August 11, 1991; “For Love of the Game,” 1991 Negro Leagues Reunion file. Archive of the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc., Cooperstown, NY.
     
    25 .
Dare to Compete: The Struggle of Women in Sports
(HBO documentary, Ross Greenburg, executive producer), 1999.
     
    26 . Joseph White, “Female Pitcher in Negro Leagues Enjoyed Striking ’Em Out,”
Seattle Times
, May 10, 1998;
Los Angeles Sentinel
, May 28, 1998; Eugene Meyer, “For Love of the Game,”
Washington Post
, February 24, 1999.
     
    27 . Donna DeVore interview with the author, March 1, 2008; Horace Johnson interview with the author, April 10, 2008; Leah Aguillar interview with the author, February 17, 2008.
     
    28 . Donna DeVore interview with the author.; Kendall Wilson,
Philadelphia Tribune
, October 25, 1996; “Homecoming and Victory Service for Constance Enola Morgan,” October 22, 1996. James L. Hawkins Funeral Home, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Horace Johnson private archive.
     
    29 . Doug Grow interview with the author, December 7, 2007; Roger Nieboer interview with the author, November 19, 2007.
     
    30 . Toni Stone interview with Miki Turner, August 1992. Turner interview notes shared with author July 10, 2009; Toni Stone interview with Larry Lester, January 3, 1991. Lester private archive.
     
    31 . Toni Stone interview with Miki Turner, August 1992. Turner interview notes shared with author July 10, 2009; Ross Furman, “Marcenia ‘Toni’ Stone: Veteran of the Negro Leagues,” n.d., n.p. Lester private archive.
     
    32 . Buck O’Neil, opening remarks, Baseball Hall of Fame induction ceremonies, July 29, 2006, Cooperstown, NY.
     
    33 . Toni Stone interview with Jean Hasting Ardell, April 1992. Ardell interview notes shared with author June 22, 2009.
     
    34 . Toni Stone interview with Larry Lester.
     
    35 . Dorothy Uris,
Say It Again: Dorothy Uris’ Personal Collection of Quotes, Comments, & Anecdotes
(New York: E. P. Dutton, 1979), 214.
     
    36 . Doug Grow, “She Wasn’t Afraid to Swing for the Fences,” Minneapolis–Saint Paul
StarTribune,
March 6, 1990;
Saint Paul Pioneer Press
, March 6, 1990, and March 7, 1990.
     
    37 . Merlene Davis,
Lexington Herald-Leader
, November 28, 1996; Sandy Keenan, “Stone Had a Ball,”
Newsday,
October 5, 1993.
     
    38 . Joseph L. Price,
Rounding the Bases: Baseball and Religion in America
(Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2006), 125–126.
     
    39 . Ron Thomas, “Baseball’s ‘Intruder’ Loved Game,”
San Francisco Chronicle,
August 23, 1991.
     
    40 . Bob Motley with Byron Motley,
Ruling Over Monarchs, Giants & Stars
, Champaign, IL: Sports Publishing, 2007), 123–124.
     
    41 . Ernie Banks interview with author, September 4, 2009.
     
    42 . Claire Smith, “Belated Tribute