Read Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution From the Rights of Man to Robespierre for Free Online Page B

Brissotins and Montagne, but signed the Convention deputies’ protest against the coup d’état of 2 June 1793 and, in October 1793, was imprisoned. After Thermidor, resumed his place in the Convention, loudly denouncing the Montagne and the “sanguinocrat” Robespierre.
    Merlin de Thionville, Antoine Christophe (1762–1833), corrupt Metz lawyer and Montagnard Convention deputy allied to Chabot and Basire, appointed main French representative to the Rhenish democratic republic of 1792–93 (to the disgust of Forster). Joined the Thermidorians and subsequently lived peacefully, enjoying the riches extorted from his numerous victims.
    Merlin de Douai, Philippe-Antoine (1754–1838), lawyer prominent on the National Assembly’s committees drawing up the decrees abolishing feudalism in 1789–90. Later, a Montagnard and prime author of the Law of Suspects (17 September 1793), in September 1797 was among the chief organizers of the coup of Fructidor, after which he was elected one of the five directors.
    Mirabeau, Honoré Gabriel Riquetti, comte de (1749–1791), dissolute philosophe, internationally renowned before 1788 as a radical critic of enlightened despotism and ancien regime legal systems. A leader of the revolutionary ferment in Provence in 1788, dominated the National Assembly in 1789–90 through force of oratoryand a large retinue of aides, speech writers, and researchers. A key promoter of all the major Radical Enlightenment reforms of the early Revolution, he did not, however, seek to eliminate royal authority completely, preferring a limited veto and continuing role for the monarch.
    Miranda, Francisco de (1756–1816), Spanish army officer from Venezuela converted to radical ideas in the 1770s through reading Raynal. After 1783, circulated among the radical networks in Europe, forming an alliance with Brissot and Pétion and becoming deputy commander of the revolutionary army of the north in 1792–93 under Dumouriez. From around 1800, first major instigator of the early nineteenth-century South American rebellions against the Spanish crown.
    Momoro, Antoine-François (1756–1794), Parisian printer and book-seller, among the principal printers of the revolutionary Commune and a powerful orator of the Cordeliers. Invented the device “Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité” and persuaded the Paris mayor, Pache, to have it inscribed on all the capital’s public buildings. A prominent de-Christianizer and vociferous egalitarian frowned on by Robespierre, guillotined in Paris, on 4 March 1794.
    Monge, Gaspard (1746–1818), professor of mathematics, protégé of Condorcet and the Revolution’s navy minister from August 1792 to March 1793 reorganizing the Republic’s naval bases and fleet. Sent with Daunou to Rome in 1797–98, helped establish the new Roman Republic. Accompanied the expedition to Egypt in 1798, where he participated in founding the French Institut d’Égypte.
    Moreau de Saint-Méry, Louis (1750–1819), lawyer, deputy for Martinique in the National Assembly, and member of the white planters’ Conseil supérieur on Saint-Domingue, a leading spokesman of the French Caribbean royalists and slave-owners. Published extensively on the French Caribbean colonies, using Montesquieu to justify institutionalized slavery. After the 10 August 1792, fled to Philadelphia and prospered as a book-seller before returning as a minor official under Napoleon.
    Mounier, Jean-Joseph (1758–1806), Grenoble lawyer and admirer of Montesquieu, espoused the British model and English empiricism against the radical tendency. Principal leader of conservative constitutional monarchism in the National Assembly until October 1789, seeking an absolute veto, royal primacy, and an aristocratic upper house in the new constitution.
    Necker, Jacques (1732–1804), Genevan banker and reformer established in Paris who as controller-general of the royal finances induced Louis XVI to convoke the Estates-General of 1789. An admirer of