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cognitive bias research; consent searches and traffic stops; crack cases; and drug forfeiture laws; “drug-courier profiles,”; financial incentives to law enforcement; and Fourth Amendment; and ghettos; and jury selection; outdoor drug activity/open-air drug markets; paramilitary drug raids and police SWAT teams; police training programs; and police/police departments; pretext traffic stops; and prosecutorial discretion; race as factor in police decision making; racial profiling by police; racially discriminatory sentencing; searches and seizures with unreasonable suspicion; sociological research on; Supreme Court and claims of racial bias; traffic stops; and the War on Drugs
    drunk driving, campaigns addressing
    Du Bois, W.E.B.
    Dukakis, Michael
    Dyson, Michael Eric

    Ebony magazine
    Economic Opportunities Bill (1964)

    Edsall, Mary
    Edsall, Thomas
    education and racial caste system
    Eighteenth Amendment
    Eighth Amendment
    Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals
    Eleventh Amendment
    Emancipation Proclamation
    Emanuel, Rahm
    The Emerging Republican Majority (Phillips)
    employment: and ex-criminal offenders; joblessness and violent crime rates; manufacturing jobs and deindustrialization; the “negative credential” and system of state-sponsored stratification; service-sector jobs; unemployment/joblessness
    Erlichman, John
    Erwin, Sam, Jr.

    Farrakhan, Louis
    fathers, black
    Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), antidrug funding
    Federalism
    Fields, C. Virginia
    Fifteenth Amendment
    The Fire Next Time (Baldwin)
    Flavor of Love (VH1)
    Florida v. Bostick
    Forman, James, Jr.
    Fourteenth Amendment; and crack sentencing; and death penalty sentencing; and jury exclusion; and police traffic stops; and racially discriminatory law enforcement
    Fourth Amendment
    Freedmen’s Bureau
    Frye, Marilyn
    Futterman, Craig

    gang databases
    â€œgangsta culture,”
    gender gap (black men and women)
    genocide and War on Drugs
    Gideon v. Wainwright
    globalization
    Goldwater, Barry
    Goodwill Industries
    Great Depression
    Guinier, Lani

    Haldeman, H.R.
    Harlem riots (1964)
    Harmelin v. Michigan
    Harwood, Richard
    Hill, Barbara
    Hininger, Damon
    Hispanics/Latinos: prison admissions for drug offenses; rates of illegal drug use
    homelessness
    Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
    housing discrimination
    human rights approach
    Human Rights Watch
    Hurley, Ora Lee

    In re Gault (1967)
    incarceration. See mass incarceration system
    indentured servitude
    indifference, racial
    inner-city economic collapse
    Irving, Lawrence

    Jackson, Jesse
    Jefferson, Thomas
    â€œJena 6,”
    Jim Crow system: birth of; black cooperation with; and Civil Rights Movement; death of; and Supreme Court; voting rights and disenfranchisement; and World War II, 36. See also mass incarceration and Jim Crow (parallels/differences)
    Johnson, Lyndon B.
    Johnson, Sheri Lynn
    Johnson, Willie
    Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education
    juries: and felon exclusion; and peremptory strikes; and prosecutors’ discretion; and “stereotypically black” defendants; Supreme Court rulings governing jury selection
    Justice Department, U.S.; Bureau of Statistics; report in impact of bias in criminal justice system; and street crime
    Justice Policy Institute

    Karlan, Pamela
    Kennedy, Justice Anthony
    Kennedy, John F.
    Kerlikowske, Gil
    Kilty, Keith
    King, Martin Luther
    King, Martin Luther, Jr.; and affirmative action; call for complete restructuring of society; and civil rights lawyers/legal cases; on colorblindness and indifference; and human rights approach; and Poor People’s Movement; and Rosa Parks
    Klarman, Michael
    Kraska, Peter
    Ku Klux Klan
    Ku Klux Klan Acts

    Lambright, Nshombi
    Law & Order (television)
    law enforcement. See drug-law enforcement and racial discrimination; police/police departments and drug-law enforcement
    Lawrence, Charles
    Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area
    Leadership Conference on Civil Rights
    Lee,