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occurrence of miracles destroys these laws or makes
them inoperative."
What Christians take exception to is the notion that the
universe is a self-contained, closed system with absolute laws
that are inviolable. Christians believe that the reason for regularity in the universe-the reason we can observe "laws" in the
world of nature-is that God designed creation that way. We
must remember, however, that the laws of nature are merely
observations of uniformity or constancy in nature. They are not
forces which initiate action. They simply describe the way nature
behaves when its course is not affected by a superior power. But
God is not prohibited from taking action in the world if He
so desires.
Scripture tells us that God is the Sustainer and Governor of
the universe (Acts 14:16-17; 17:24-28). The Bible shows Jesus
"upholding all things by the word of his power" (Hebrews 1:3
KJv), and "all things consist" in Him (Colossians 1:17 KJv). That
which from a human vantage point is called a "law of nature" is
in reality nothing more than God's normal cosmos-sustaining
power at work! As Reformed scholar Louis Berkhof put it, these
laws of nature are
God's usual method of working in nature. It is His
good pleasure to work in an orderly way and through secondary causes. But this does not mean that
He cannot depart from the established order, and
cannot produce an extraordinary effect, which does
not result from natural causes, by a single volition, if
He deems it desirable for the end in view. When God
works miracles, He produces extraordinary effects in
a supernatural way.26
2. Miracles do not violate the laws of nature. If one defines
a miracle as a violation of the absolute laws of nature, like David
Hume did, then the possibility of miracles occurring seems slim.
However, as theologian Charles Ryrie notes, a miracle does not
contradict nature because "nature is not a self-contained whole;
it is only a partial system within a total reality, and a miracle
is consistent within that greater system which includes the supernatural. "27
When a miracle occurs, the laws of nature are not violated
but are rather superseded by a higher (supernatural) manifestation of the will of God. The forces of nature are not obliterated or suspended but are only counteracted at a particular point
by a superior force.28 As the famous physicist Sir George Stokes
has said, "It may be that the event which we call a miracle was
brought on not by a suspension of the laws in ordinary operation, but by the super-addition of something not ordinarily
in operation."29 In other words, miracles do not go against the
regular laws of cause and effect, they simply have a cause that
transcends nature.30
Apologists Kenneth Boa and Larry Moody explain it this
way:
Since miracles, if they occur, are empowered by
something higher than nature, they must supersede the
ordinary processes or laws of nature. If you took a flying
leap off the edge of a sheer cliff, the phenomenon that we call the law of gravity would surely bring you to an
untimely end. But if you leaped off the same cliff in a
hang glider, the results would (hopefully!) be quite
different. The principle of aerodynamics in this case
overcomes the pull of gravity as long as the glider is in
the air. In a similar way, the occurrence of a miracle
means that a higher (supernatural) principle has overcome a lower (natural) principle for the duration of
the miracle. To claim that miracles violate or contradict natural laws is just as improper as to say that the
principle of aerodynamics violates the law of gravity."
Boa and Moody further illustrate their point with the
fictional story of a Martian who lands his spacecraft atop a
building in Chicago. The Martian looks over the edge of the
building and observes how people respond to traffic lights.
Green lights cause people to go; yellow lights cause people to
slow down; red lights cause people to stop. He