Spider Brains: A Love Story (Book One)

Read Spider Brains: A Love Story (Book One) for Free Online Page B

Book: Read Spider Brains: A Love Story (Book One) for Free Online
Authors: Susan Wingate
what that means--Bye Bye Birdie!
     
    Which makes me wonder why they include this deadly population of spiders in this section of the 98% harmless ones. Doi.
     
    There exist two hundred species in twenty genera (out of, like, over 40,000 known spider species) that are known to have serious, potentially lethal bites.
     
    For most bites, the major concern is venom. But, I'm thinking that the biting part really totally sucks (get it?). And, in some cases these seemingly non-significant spiders can even transmit infectious diseases. Kee-Rikey!
    There are only three genera of spiders known to be non-venomous, because they do not possess venom glands or any proper way to deliver venom if they have venom glands. These "harmless-to-human" spiders include the families Uloboridae, Holarchaeidae and Liphistiidae. (None of which I can pronounce no matter how I've tried. I think it's my braces.)
     
    These spiders, however, do possess fangs and can deliver sharp, unpleasant bites. In addition, the fangs of Liphistiidae can often inflict infections spread through the skin, mostly due to their large size, which in theory could represent more of a danger than the bite of a non-lethal venomous spider. Shiver & shake!
     
    Spider bites may be misdiagnosed by both the general public, like me, and medical practitioners. So it's probably wise to find a spider expert to diagnose your bite if you find your leg beginning to fall off.
     
    The primary concern of the bite of a spider is the effect of its venom. I think we established this earlier however it is reiterated here so that we can get back onto the venom track. A spider envenomation occurs whenever a spider injects venom into the skin. Not all spider bites involve envenomation. Plus, the amount of venom injected can vary widely based on the type of spider and the circumstances of the spider encounter. With very few exceptions (such as the so-called camel spider which, btw, is not a true spider nor is it a true camel), the mechanical injury from a spider bite is not a serious concern for humans.
     
    Some spider bites DO leave a large enough wound that infection may be a concern, and other species are known to consume their prey which is already dead and you know how big a spider would have to be to consume and entire human being, even a baby? That's one big spider. I mean.
     
    However, it is generally the toxicity of spider venom which possesses the most risk to human beings and, this is the real gruesome part of my essay--several spiders are known to have venom which can be fatal to humans in the amounts that a spider will typically inject when biting. Holy.
     
    Still, all spiders are capable of producing venom, with the exception of the hackled orb-weavers which we find mostly in the fall. Their scientific name is the Holarchaeidae, and the primitive Mesothelae. These spiders get big and round, hence earning their name "Orb Spiders." Other arachnids often confused with spiders, such as the harvestman and sun spiders , also do not produce venom. And, that's good to know. They get their names, Harvester & Sun Spider we assume because they harvest by night and bask in the sun by day.
     
    Nonetheless, only a small percentage of species have bites which pose a danger to people. And, while 'venoms' are by definition toxic substances, most spiders do not have venom which is sufficiently toxic in the quantities delivered, to require medical attention, and, for those that do, only a few are known to produce fatalities. Dum da da da DUM!
     
    Spider venoms work on one of two fundamental principles--they are either neurotoxic meaning they attack the nervous system; or, they are necrotic meaning they attack the tissue surrounding the bite. In some cases, spider bites can effectively attack vital organs and systems. Causing a deadly effect if you don't get to the hospital right away.
     
    Definition/Example: Neurotoxic venom--the majority of spiders with serious bites possess a neurotoxic venom of

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