Read A Workbook to Communicative Grammar of English for Free Online Page B

4–15 year olds of both genders was spent listening to the radio. A ………(2)…….. time was spent watching television by older people which reflects the fact that a ………(3)…….. older people own a television. However, a ………(4)…….. the television watched by those over 65 consisted of news programmes, whereas only a ………(5)…….. of those under 15 watched these. A ………(6)…….. of time was spent watching TV by women between the ages of 45 and 54.
    The survey also showed the variations across the country. ………(7)…….. time spent watching television was in the Scotland BBC region. This was almost five hours more than the time spent by those in the South of England. Generally men spent ………(8)…….. their time listening to the radio. This was possibly because they did so in the car on their way to and from work.
    Overall, there was ………(9)…….. of difference between the age groups at either end of the scale, but among those between the ages of 25 and 54, there was only ………(10)…….. difference.
    4.3. The use of the article
    Sections 82–90; 448; 475; 579; 597; 641; 747
    Task one ***
    Underline the definite articles, the indefinite articles and the places where zero article has been used in the texts opposite. Then list rules for their use in the table opposite. Ignore proper nouns.
    1. The owner of a pet shop in Leeds saved the life of a lizard by giving it mouth-to-mouth resuscitation after it choked on a locust. ( Metro , 21 June 2001)
    2. Stolen property recovered by police in Sandwell, West Midlands, is to be sold on the internet to raise money to increase the number of bobbies on the beat. ( Sandwell Chronicle , 15 June 2001)
    3. The outbreak of foot and mouth disease was detected in England on February 20. Since then the disease has spread in the U.K. in an explosive manner. By March 2, the disease had been found in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The virus causes foot and mouth disease only in hoofed animals, but may cause a transient infection in horses and people. Hoofed animal species include cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, deer, reindeer and elks. The disease causes no risk for humans. (Finland: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Food and Health Department – Press release, 5 March 2001)
    4. With Special Delivery we give you a guarantee that, if we fail to deliver by the guaranteed time, we will refund your money within five days. In cases of lost or damaged items, compensation is based on the loss suffered up to the market value of the item or the compensation level paid for up to £2,500), whichever is the lower. (Royal Mail’s Code of Practice , August 2000)
    5. Demos, the independent think tank, is looking for imaginative, experienced and forward looking people to join a growing team and broad-ranging work programme. (Ad. For Demos in New Statesman , 25 June 2001)

    Task two***
    Add any other uses not included in the texts above.
    Task three **
    Select from the list below the use of the definite article in the following texts.
A:
When the person or thing is generally known.
B:
When the person or thing has been mentioned in the text before.
C:
When the person or thing is defined later.
D:
When the person or thing is unique.
E:
For countries which are a federation of states.
F:
For names of rivers and ranges of mountains.
1.
We are boosting pensioner incomes and meeting the concerns of motorists and hauliers.
2.
Victory for the Queen and Prince Philip!
3.
Turner’s painting “ The Crook o’Lune near Lancaster” frames a famous view of the river Lune.
4.
The sun was shining on the sea,
    Shining with all his might:
    He did his very best to make
    The billows smooth and bright –
    And this was odd, because it was
    The middle of the night.
5.
After a fortnight of glorious indolence staying with friends in a diplomatic suburb of Damascus, I was woken this morning by the sound of Bing, their Filipino manservant, blow-drying my now